Carbinol

Methanol yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm ntoo distillation, yog li methanol tseem hu ua ntoo cawv, thiab kev siv cov qauv no tau maj mam txiav tom qab 1920. Yuav luag tag nrho cov methanol yog tsim los ntawm catalytic hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm synthesis gas - carbon monoxide thiab hydrogen, piv txwv li.
CO+2 -- ZnO/Cr2O3,400℃, 20 ~ 30MPa -- >CH3OHΔH=-92KJ/mol
Nyob rau hauv 20 xyoo dhau los, activated tooj liab oxide raws li ib tug catalyst muaj peev xwm yuav reacted ntawm 250 degree, 5 ~ 10MPa tej yam kev mob, uas yog ntau yig tshaj li cov saum toj no tej yam kev mob.
Fractional distillation ntawm methanol los ntawm dej, purity tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 99 feem pua, tshem tawm ze li ntawm 1 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov dej, tuaj yeem ntxiv cov tshuaj magnesium, methanol thiab magnesium, tsim magnesium methanol, nws reacts nrog dej los tsim cov magnesium insoluble. oxide thiab methanol, los ntawm distillation anhydrous methanol (ntau tshaj 99.9 feem pua).
Tam sim no, synthesis yog txoj kev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los npaj methanol.
Txoj kev kub siab yog qhov ntxov tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv cov tshuab methanol synthesis. Cov txheej txheem siab yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib xyaw methanol ntawm 300 ~ 400 degree, 30 ~ 35MPa nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias siab siv zinc-chromium catalyst. [1] Cov khoom siv raw yog cov thee, dej thiab cua, hydrogen thiab carbon monoxide tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj methanol tom qab tshem tawm plua plav, desulfurization, kev hloov pauv thiab ntxuav. Lub catalyst ZnO, chromium trioxide, 300 ~ 400 degree, 200 ~ 300 atmospheric siab, equilibrium methanol vapor ntsiab lus ntawm 10 feem pua, tom qab txias, sib cais, crude methanol rau hauv lub tank cia, hydrogen thiab carbon monoxide tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Lub purity ntawm crude methanol yog 80 ~ 93 feem pua, lub ntsiab impurities yog dej, ethanol, dimethyl ether, isobutanol, thiab purity yuav ncav cuag 99 feem pua ​​tom qab refining.
Txoj kev tsis tshua muaj siab. ICl low pressure method, Lurgi low pressure method; Txoj kev tsis tshua muaj siab muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev lag luam ntawm tus nqi qis, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub kuj txo los ntawm kev siv tooj liab catalyst.
Tam sim no, cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov methyl poov xab tau maj mam hloov mus rau cov roj thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide loj, thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj peev xwm sib xyaw methane thiab oxygen ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 9: 1 hauv thaj chaw tsim cov roj av, thiab react los tsim methanol los ntawm cov kav dej tooj liab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm 200 degree C thiab 100 atmospheres.